품사(parts of speech, word classes)

품사(parts of speech, word classes)

단어들을 기능, 형태, 의미에 따라 나누어 놓은것

<전통문법-8품사 분류>

a. Noun (Noun phrase): A word (or a group of words) that is the name of a person, a place, a thing or activity, or a quality or idea; nouns can be used as the subject or object of a verb.

b. Verb: A word (or group of words) which is used in describing an action, experience or state.

c. Adjective: a word that gives more information about a noun or noun or pronoun.

d. Adverb (adverbial phrase):a word (or group of words) that describes or adds to the meaning of a verb, adjective, another adverb or a whole sentence.

e. Preposition (prepositional phrase): a word (or group of words) which is used to show the way in which other words are connected. (전치사-명사 목적어를 취하여 시간, 장소, 양태 기술)

( go to school)

f. Pronoun: a word that is used in place of a noun or noun phrase.

g. Conjunction: a word that connects sentences, phrases, or clauses.

h. Determiner: definite article, indefinite article, possessives, demonstratives, quantifiers.

1) 기능에 의한 품사.

John was seated at the top of the table.

John ran at top speed.

John tops his English class.

2) 비품사의 품사화

비품사: 부정사, 동명사, 현재분사, 과거분사,

<부정사의 품사화의 예>

(1) 명사화

a. To learn English is not an easy job.

b. Do you want to go.

c. My wish is to live a happy life.

d. It is so nice to sit here with you.

e. I don't know where to go.

(2) 형용사화

a. would you like something to drink.

b. Fall is the best season to study.

c, She has bought a new dress to wear at the party.

(3) 부사화

a. We eat to live. -동사수식

b. I am very pleased to hear that you've won the scholarship to study abroad.-형용사 수식

c. You are very kind of you to take me to the station. -형용사 kind 수식

d. How stupid he is to believe such a non-sense.

e. She got up early to watch the sunrise.-목적

f. She was happy to meet her family again.-원인

g. She must be foolish to believe such a thing.-이유

h. He left his home down, never to return.-결과

i. To hear him speak English, you take him for an American. 조건(부사절)

<동명사의 품사화의 예:(명사화)>

a. Learning English is not an easy job.

b. My job is riding horses.

c. I remember seeing her somewhere before.

d. She is proud of being successful.

<분사의 품사화의 예 >

(1) 형용사화

a. Please give a candy to the crying child.

b. Who is the child sleeping over there.

c. The new bike ridden by a friend of mine was stolen yesterday. (수동문-형용사 취급)

d. Disappointed Mary by the result of her exam is coming here.

e. He bought a used car.

f. The child came crying.-주격보어

g. We saw him talking to a boy in the park.-목적보어